Information proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Data proposition - Essay Example The vast majority are unconscious about their own job in lighting such fires and there is a need to educate general society with respect to the equivalent. Individuals frequently subvert their own job, and erroneously feel that for a fire to happen there must be some outward factor or individual included. This Informational Documentary will portray the narrative of one such mortgage holder whose house burst into flames because of his own confusion and lack of regard. Endeavor will be made to illuminate the watchers about how to evade such apparently innocuous remissness that can have such horrible results. Additionally, it will likewise attempt to control watchers about what steps to take once such a fire has been begun and how to limit the subsequent harm to individuals and property. As a matter of first importance a few measurements will be given that show just precisely what the percentile of the family fires is that are brought about by such heedlessness. It is assessed that around 14 individuals daily are survivors of family unit fires, for the most part youngsters and the old fall into the casualties list. A consume casualty, who was associated with such an occurrence whereby his/her own lack of regard lit the fire, would be exhibited and his/her current condition just as what s/he fouled up and how s/he could have kept away from the mishap would likewise be appeared to the watchers. A fire security official will likewise be talked with who will illuminate the watchers how to stay away from such flames and what to do in the event that such a fire ejects. The fire security official will likewise be approached to show how best to get away from such a fire, in such manner; the assistance of the nearby local group of fire-fighters, ideally the one to which the fire wellbeing official himself has a place, would likewise be inspired. Short meetings of the individuals who got away from such flames, and how these flames were caused, would likewise be recorded. The safeguards to be taken to stay away from such flames or to identify them as right on time as could be expected under the circumstances, similar to the most up to date smoke alarms and so forth would likewise be taken into

Four Skinny Trees Essays - Botany, Biology, Forest Ecology

Four Skinny Trees Essays - Botany, Biology, Forest Ecology Four Skinny Trees Esperanza feels lost, alone, and befuddled. She accepts that the main ones who can comprehend her emotions are trees. The trees are thin and pointy. The city had planted them in solid, which normally isn't the best nor the most advantageous spot for trees to develop. Esperanza considers the to be as an impression of herself [skinny and angular]. Despite their area, the trees appear to make due as it were. This thought of continuing on matches back to Esperanza. She battles to be fruitful despite the fact that she is in an unforgiving situation. Her depiction of the setting drives me to feel that she is poor. Consequently, she has impediments because of class. Is this why she feels that she can just trust in trees? For Esperanza, the trees appear to resemble an encouraging group of people for her. She would converse with them when she felt desolate. It was as though the trees were her relatives. The trees were not just an encouraging group of people and an impression of Esperanza. They roused Esperanza. When Esperanza was prepared to surrender, she took a gander at the trees, and they advised all her, keep, keep, keep. The trees educated Esperanza tirelessness, which would assist her with making progress. Book index Four Skinny Trees

Marketing Research Challenges in Indonesia- myassignmenthelp

Question: Expound on theMarketing Research Challenges in Indonesia. Answer: Presentation Indonesia is one of the quick and promising creating nations in Asia. After the nation encountering the monetary emergency in 1997, it has shown a critical pace of the financial turn of events; to get one of the world best driving nations (Rosser 2013). The development of the economy is because of the sensible large scale financial and inner, and outer variables. The nation has 240 million residents with an economy of $514 billion, which is one of the greatest in the south Asia (Rosser 2013). Both geopolitical and monetary of the Indonesia is staggering. There was less uncovering of the nation to the unexpected destocking that caused crumbling of the business in 2008 (Chinn and Fairlie 2010). The essential fare of the Indonesia is coals, gas and oil. The nation has an outstanding association and corporate degree of working business exercises. The enormous populace of Indonesia makes the household utilization to be high, which adds to high market potential in neighborhood and global business. As indicated by the examination, the Indonesia economy is developing at 6% every year. The Indonesia GDP was $960 in 2009 and $4000 billion as of now (Rosser 2013). This papers will looks to explore promoting research difficulties concerning the Indonesia market and think of how to conquer the hazard related with issues. Advertising research difficulties Essential information sources Essential information requires perceptions and recording legitimately from the respondents by watching them straightforwardly. The fundamental information assortments are extremely convoluted and long, and expensive. Likewise, it contains the developments of the test, inspecting process, review procedures and poll improvement (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). Essential research involves gathering and examining the new data by directing a center gathering and phone meetings, and market study. Portrayal of the essential information incorporates the elevated level of utilization since it takes care of the specific issues. One of the disservices of the essential is information is that; its expense of gathering in the remote creating nations is high a direct result of the lacking showcasing research framework. Subjective are structures, for example, study and investigations (Bryman and Bell 2015). The subjective examination takes a type of perception or the center gatherings. Interestingly is th at the reactions are meddled by the way of life of the nation. The multifaceted in the worldwide advertising research needs legitimate assessment of the perspectives and practices There is a critical contrast between the national and worldwide advertising research due to the enormous distinction in the countrys financial aspects, law, governmental issues and culture (Papadopoulos and Martn 2011). The availability and exactness of the data will depend if the advertising research was effective or not. Perhaps the most concerning issue in gathering the information from Indonesia is that organizations and people will won't offer criticism to the inquiries the examination poses. The Indonesia organizations are preservationist in giving the data about the data identifying with their organizations (Papadopoulos and Martn 2011). Furthermore, it gets extreme to reach to different firms either straightforwardly for the statistical surveying reviews. Additionally, the educational gathered in the Indonesia market may be a wrong, henceforth bogus end on the examinations. At last, the business may imagine that the data advertising specialist social event may influence their activity somehow. One approach to understand this is analyst can pose inquiries straightforwardly to the providers or out of this world to the organizations. Advertisers should utilize the data from the Indonesia government specialists, industry affiliations or the scholarly associations (Okazaki and Taylor 2013). The essential scientists can rely upon the specialists from the Indonesia as a result of the significant characters in the scholarly, government and mechanical foundations. Optional sources It includes handling the information from the past specialists, for example, press articles or reports. Auxiliary information involves the general information provided to the endeavors by different information administrations like customer purchasing practices, retail stock or piece of the pie (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). As prior referenced, the challenges emerging from the law, legislative issues and culture, may give the universal research an extreme time. The inaccessibility and lack of quality of the optional information may carry issues to the global organizations utilizing auxiliary data. In any case, the auxiliary sources are conceivable in the Indonesia share (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). A portion of the data from unpracticed analysts may depend on purchasers desires and need. Along these lines, the optional information needs trust in Indonesia because of the strategy for the assortments and investigating from the people. Key difficulties of directing examination are because of the isolated markets and outrageous condition in the pieces of the Indonesia (Kitinoja et al. 2011). During the time spent the gathering information, specialists may encounter some specific slip-ups over the span of gathering and dissecting, added to the absence of experience. The likelihood of the mistake expanding when it arrives at the global specialists is high and in this way, odds of confiding in the information assortments in Indonesia is extremely negligible. Advertisers can stay away from the issues by rehearsing the accompanying; analysts ought to do their examination utilizing their own accomplished and gifted staff, and furthermore getting the essential data is significant (Okazaki and Taylor 2013). It is essential to comprehend the Indonesia culture. Christian in Indonesia contains 9%, 3% are Hindu, 2% Buddhist and the majority of the Indonesia Muslim are Sunni (Panagopoulos et al. 2011). Indonesia contains around 300 ethnic gatherings with social practices throughout the hundreds of years. Arabic, European, Chinese and Indian impacts the way of life (Jafari, Othman and Nor 2012). Leading a statistical surveying in a universal encompassing involves focusing on the learning and acquiring new things. In the showcasing points of view, it incorporates having a huge information on the locals culture. National culture incorporates dialects social job, instructions, social organizations and religion (Abduh and Azmi Omar 2012). Target showca se information is fundamental for the directing and breaking down the statistical surveying. Aptitudes, for example, innovation and instruction are additionally crucial when working examination globally. In this way, local will be entirely solid and can gather the correct information and data. So also, the locals are well familiar with Indonesia culture and inclinations. In Indonesia government, all the enterprises gather their auxiliary information and along these lines, the probability of getting right and solid data is high (Suryahadi, Hadiwidjaja and Sumarto 2012). In this way, the auxiliary information can give important data despite the fact that it isn't in every case right. Research Cost There is a probability of the examination disregarding the part of the fund when doing research arranging. The mistakes can emerge because of the restricted movement contributed by the budgetary imperatives. Once in a while analysts are compelled to end the exploration procedure because of the absence of the accounts. The procedure of the gathering and breaking down the essential and optional information in worldwide research is expensive contrasted with the national advertising research (Zikmund et al. 2013). Additionally, the cost the organization brings about during the time spent the examination influences the organization benefit. Debasement, higher travel cost, high expansions, money vacillations in the Indonesia market can prompt an immense expense (Terpstra, Foley and Sarathy 2012). In this way, if there should arise an occurrence of the Indonesia money fluctuating, it influences the movement and staff cost, and all the more along these lines, the exploration cost will increm ent. The examination ought to turn away the impact of the money change and research well on the Indonesia cash variance. Political and lawful condition The political and lawful condition of the nation influences the showcasing research exercises of the universal firms. The organizations ought to know about the assents which contort free global statistical surveying and business activities. The organizations should know the laws of the state and control their business action. For example, as far as possible importation of the United States identifying with diversion to ensure their social exercises (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). Also, there are guidelines, for example, concedes that urge the worldwide business to put resources into the nations of activity. The worldwide advertisers ought to watch worldwide political and legitimate framework with the goal that they can design promoting approach accurately. Moral issues Defilements, moral commitments, human rights, work rehearses add to moral issues in the Indonesia. Misconception will emerge because of the immense changes in the administration approach in the Indonesia (He and Wei 2011). . Despite the fact that ongoing examinations show low infringement of human rights in Indonesia, it is of a quintessence to look for the inspector while inquiring about. The formalization of the Indonesia ecological is still on course, and along these lines it presents difficulties in the worldwide advertiser to follows the strategies. In spite of the adjustments in the structure of the administration, it has been not able to check the issues of the defilement in Indonesia (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). Along these lines, the components of the debasement have made worldwide advertisers to be hesitant towards Indonesia, disregarding nation being a business center point. Foundation and media transmission There has been colossal development in portable enterprises across Asia-pacific region with an expansion of 60% yearly (He and Wei 2011). Thus, the Indonesia resident is approaching the telephone, however past, they would not have legitimate access to the media transmission administrations. Because of the radical development of

Teaching Language In The United States Essay Paper Example For Students

Encouraging Language In The United States Essay Paper Word Count: 693America is a country loaded up with every single diverse kind of individuals. Individuals of various shading, dialects, customs, and dreams. Since we are a country of settlers, we don't share the qualities of race, religion, ethnicity, or local language {that} structure the regular obligations of society in different nations (Exploring Language 252). Be that as it may, by consenting to learn and utilize only one single language we have had the option to join a wide range of individuals and make an amazingly assorted populace. However, how can it be that United States, however loaded up with a huge number of individuals who don't communicate in English as their first language, must have one authority language, English? In California, most of the schools are required to educate ESL (English as a subsequent language) to Hispanic kids. These projects were made to show Mexican migrants English and the manner in which the United States works. We will compose a custom exposition on Teaching Language In The United States Paper explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Every single through Californium, you will see and hear English as well as Spanish moreover. Being from California I know about this arrangement of two distinct dialects. I used to have a history book that had a word reference in the back that deciphered the English jargon words into Spanish, with the goal that those Hispanics that didn't realize English well could even now learn. I don't know whether it resembles this in Florida, where there is an enormous populace of Philippinoes, yet ought to there be? Should a nation where they will probably have just a single language, be obliging those outsiders who come here to be free but then are not ready to communicate in the local language? Many contend that the information on English isn't a piece of the equation for dependable citizenship in this nation (Exploring Language 252). Others contend that any longer than one language in a nation will just prompt a riotous wreckage which {will lead} to endless issues in the legislatures endeavors to deal with the countries business (Exploring Language 253). Thusly, should the United States provide food the necessities of the minorities and not show them English, or should American schools proceed with their ESL programs? Under the most widely recognized strategy for bilingual instruction utilized all through this nation, non-English-talking understudies are shown every scholarly subject, for example, math, science, and history solely in their local language. English is educated as a different subject (Exploring Language 254). The issue coming about because of this is it can't tell if a minority youngster has learned enough English to be put in completely English talking classes, in this manner some minority kids are kept in local language classes for a long time (Exploring Language 254). Things being what they are, is bilingual instructing successful? In the most part it is. In southern California I met a companion green beans year of secondary school who knew almost no English, however when we had graduated she could carry on a discussion with no issue. She was put in study halls where everything was spoken in Spanish, her local language, yet she was additionally taking two English classes. Possibly its not accommodating for some since they are reluctant to get familiar with our language, yet for the individuals who do come here and need to be a piece of our general public, they value the bilingual classes and exploit them. English is now the official language of the United States, so can any anyone explain why many are as yet contending that we ought not have bilingual study halls in schools? Furthermore, can any anyone explain why many accept that a worker to the U.S should know the language before they choose to come here and turn into a resident? America is a place where there is the free, and everybody, regardless of whether brought into the world here or another nation ought to be given a reasonable possibility. The United States is the most unmistakable nation on the planet and has not had any exceptional issues with language. Instructing bilingual training in schools is a smart thought in that it allows minorities to learn English and become some portion of a free society, something everybody adores, or dreams to have. .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 , .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 .postImageUrl , .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 , .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7:hover , .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7:visited , .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7:active { border:0!important; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7:active , .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7:hover { darkness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; conte nt improvement: underline; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content beautification: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uf44ad4ddd63733336582117f8da4c7e7:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Satan and Jesus in John Milton's Paradise Lost Par Essay

Understanding the U.S. Constitution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understanding the U.S. Constitution - Assignment Example As the paper traces, there are fundamentally three gatherings of individuals where the constitution is included. The main gathering buys in to the hypothesis that the constitution ought to be founded on unique expectation, the others demand that it ought to be founded on textualism and the rest demand that the constitution is a living archive and consequently subject to changes and different alterations (Isaacs 5). Textualists believe that the constitution ought not be founded on goal where judges and others utilizing the constitution make their own translations of it. Rather, they should utilize it as indicated by the manner in which the first drafters of the constitution composed it. Similar perspectives are held by those buying in to the originalism hypothesis who demand that the first importance of the constitution ought to be kept up and if any alterations are to be made at all, they ought to be in accordance with the first thoughts of the individuals who drafted it and differen t further. These two gatherings of individuals go corresponding with those contending that the constitution is a living archive which ought to be dynamic and consequently adaptable to have the same number of alterations as fundamentally required. This last gathering, hence, demands that the constitution ought to be deciphered by the current circumstance and in agreement to different laws and furthermore all together for the remainder of the residents who are not lawful technocrats to comprehend it better. These contrasting belief systems about the constitution were likewise experienced at first when it was being drafted as not each one of those congressmen present casted a ballot on the side of it in the established show of 1787. The distinctions were additionally experienced later on in the late 1700s and mid 1800s henceforth the different corrections that were made among them being the first to the twelfth change all which were made during this period. The establishing fathers of the constitution subsequently differ lastly made changes and thus were not supporters of textualism. Textualism is something worth being thankful for since it assists with guaranteeing that the first significance of the constitution is kept up. Be that as it may, the first aim of the constitution ought to be available in light of the fact that occasions are changing and since even the first drafters of the constitution made changes to the record, at that point there is no need of completely focusing on textualism. In light of the above realities and even the proof that has been seen through the twenty-seven (27) corrections made since it was drafted, my perspectives are that the constitution is and stays to be a living record and subsequently will continue taking into consideration alterations to be made and yet guarantee that the first thoughts and importance isn't lost during the progressions and understanding. We battled an upset forever, freedom, and the quest for joy since all men are made equivalent. Yet the United States stayed a slave country for more than 80 years after this insurgency despite the fact that a few organizers objected and a few states annulled the foundation. So was this extraordinary nation of our own established on deception? The originators of this country had the wellbeing of the remainder of the US residents on a fundamental level. It is this adoration and energy for their nation that made them draft the constitution which was an affirmation of law as well as the path forward for the country for the years to come. Notwithstanding, despite the fact that the constitution had articles and even alterations which were intended to guarantee correspondence for all in this country, a portion of these originators were as yet not completely dedicated to consummation bondage or even completely get rid of the issue of prejudice.

Situational Depression Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Situational Depression Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Depression Types Print An Overview of Situational Depression By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 02, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on September 02, 2019 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Photographer is my life/Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping View All Situational depression involves symptoms of depression that are related to stress. It is not a recognized clinical disorder but is an informal term used to describe what may be more formally diagnosed as a type of adjustment disorder. These feelings of depression are usually triggered by a traumatic event, sudden stress, or major life change. Triggers can include such things as a serious accident, divorce, job loss, or death of a loved one. Situational depression may be diagnosed as adjustment disorder with depressed mood. While this condition is characterized by mood-related symptoms, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) categorizes adjustment disorder as a type of trauma or stressor-related disorder. Symptoms Symptoms of situational depression include: Feelings of low mood and sadnessTearfulness; frequent bouts of cryingHopelessnessPoor concentrationLack of motivationLoss of pleasureWithdrawing from normal activitiesLoneliness or social isolationThoughts of suicide After a difficult life event, whether it is a change in a relationship, the loss of your job, or the death of a loved one, the stress of the situation can cause you to feel sad, helpless, apathetic, lost, irritable, or even hopeless. You might cry frequently, feel listless and unable to focus, or find yourself unable to cope with normal, day-to-day tasks. Things you are normally able to handle seem overwhelming or impossible. Situational depression typically begins within the 90 day period following the stressful event. In most cases, situational depression tends to be short in duration, usually receding by six months after the triggering event. While symptoms usually recede within six months, they may range in severity from milder cases to more severe. Causes Situational depression begins after some sort of major life change or trauma. Some of the events that may trigger the onset of this form of depression include: Death of a loved oneDivorceRelationship problemsRelocatingJob lossFinancial problems  IllnessUnstable employmentUnstable living situationRetirementSerious accidentsNatural disastersSocial issues at home, school, or work There are certain factors that may increase the risk of situational depression. These include: Having an existing mental health conditionPast childhood stress and traumaExperiencing multiple traumas or stressors at the same timeA family history of depression Situational depression differs from major depressive disorder (MDD) in a few important ways. Where situational depression is triggered by life stressors, MDD often has a range of causes. Situational depression is also shorter in duration, where MDD can be much longer-lasting. If an individual has symptoms that meet full criteria for major depression in response to a stressor, they will not be considered to have situational depression or adjustment disorder, but will be diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Common Causes of Depression Diagnosis In order to be diagnosed with adjustment disorder with depressed mood, these symptoms must also cause marked distress and significant impairment in important areas of life functioning. While situational depression tends to be less severe and not as pervasive as major depressive disorder, this does not make the condition any less real. Situational depression challenges well-being and can make functioning in daily life difficult. Treatment Talking to your doctor can help determine whether you have situational depression. Fortunately, effective treatments can help you manage your symptoms. These often involve treating the symptoms as well as addressing the stressor that triggered these feelings. Once the stressor has been dealt with, people will begin to adjust and cope as symptoms subside. Situational depression can be a common and natural reaction to a very stressful or traumatic event. The symptoms are usually short-term and start to improve as: Time passesThe individual recoversThe situation improves Mild cases of situational depression can often be handled through self-care and coping strategies. More serious cases may require professional treatment and support. Treatments for situational depression may include individual counseling, group support, and medications to address serious symptoms of depression. In some cases, a combination of psychotherapy and medications may be used to treat situational depression. Psychotherapy approaches may include the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which is an effective treatment for depression. CBT helps replace negative thinking patterns with more adaptive ones. It also helps people develop better resilience to stress and improves coping skills, making it helpful for preventing future relapses of depressive symptoms. Medications to treat situational depression may include antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs. The 7 Best Online Help Resources for Depression in 2020 Coping There are a number of lifestyle changes that may help you cope with situational depression: Eating a healthy, well-balanced dietSticking to regular routinesEngaging in regular exerciseJoining a support group either in your community or onlineStarting a new hobby or recreational activityTalking to friends and family Sometimes situational depression resolves on its own as time passes. People who have good coping skills and resilience may be more likely to recover on their own with adequate self-care and social support. One coping strategy that can be helpful is to put energy toward solving a problem. No matter what sort of stress you are dealing with, looking for things that you can do to improve the situation can help keep you focused on the future. Analyze the situation, consider solutions that might help make things better, and then work toward achieving those goals. This approach also keeps you focused on the aspects of the situation that you can control, rather than dwelling on the things that are out of your hands. If you are having problems dealing with a traumatic event and are experiencing symptoms of depression or anxiety, consider talking to your doctor or a therapist. How to Become More Resilient A Word From Verywell Situational depression can be difficult, but it is important to remember that the things you are feeling are temporary. Good coping mechanisms and the support of your loved ones can often relieve symptoms and help you deal with stressful events. As you recover and the situation gets better, you will likely find that your mood improves over time. If your symptoms seem to be getting worse, talk to your doctor or mental health professional.

Internet Security The Management Of The Resources & Access - 2475 Words

Internet Security The Management Of The Resources And Access (Term Paper Sample) Content: FirewallsNameCourseInstructorInstitutionDate FirewallsIntroductionInternet security incorporates the management of the resources especially the data management and access. The standard network security involves design and planning of the organization in the information technology department. The security infrastructures are a vital part of the system plans and execution in the organization. In the recent past, the reports of the computer threats have especially in the financial institutions have increased. The researchers and developers have designed firewalls security solution in the development of internet security. The advance in technology in some instance negatively influence the financial institutions leading to millions of losses in the businesses. Computer threats in the modern day range from hackers, virus, and worms that try to access the computer software or hardware without the users knowledge. The internet form of threats has increased in the recent past leading to malicious damages. A stable network security system is required for the management of the growing number and complexity of computer threats.The increased reliance on the electronic communication and monetary transactions has grown the probabilities of network threats through different methods. The increasing dependency on the use of the internet risks the users from common threats such as the computer viruses. Investments in the network security are of beneficially for the confidentiality and importance of information stored electronically. Different organizations depend on the electronic storage of information. Ranging from banks, schools and hospital institutions rely on the cloud storage of crucial information hence the importance of internet security is essential. The computer virus, for instance, is commonly used to alter information from the original data stored hence making them some of the malicious threats in the network security. Case StudyIn January 2013, the U.S government sentenced three men to jail as result of creating and distributing of the computer virus. The three got charged with the computer virus attacks on bank accounts that led to the loss of millions from the banks. The development and distribution of the Gozi virus occurred to one of the most destructive computer viruses in the history of financial history. The Trojan virus enabled the access of bank data and transaction of millions of dollars online illegally stealing from the banks. The virus that created by three middle-aged men named, Kuzmin, 25, Mihai Ionut Paunescu, 28 and Deniss Calovskis, 27 created and used the destructive software to cause the financial damages. The Gozi Trojan virus case was classified under the computer hacking and fraud cases leading to one of the most devastating financial computer threats to be prosecuted in the United States.Banking Trojans are characterized under the cyber-criminal cases that evolved with the introduction of the internet business and reliance on the web for the banking services. Different from the traditional methods of banking burglary, the banking Trojans are used for the online business. The unauthorized access to the bank accounts leads to high risks of losing more finances through the criminal act compared to the traditional methods of robbing the banks. The computer virus effect in the recent banking threats especially for the online transactions and banking services has been on the rise following the lack of measures in the network security.The Gozi Trojan that affected more than forty thousand computers leads to millions of losses in dollars, part of which included the NASA. The threat changed more than hundred computers of the NASA in different locations across the world. The affected countries included the United Kingdoms, Germany, Poland, France, Finland, Turkey and Italy due to the spread and distribution of the Gozi virus. The complexity of the hacking intellectuals in executing these c rimes led to a longer period in the investigation and evaluation of the damages caused. The study involved different government interventions clearly expressed the significant difference between the traditional banking burglary and the new technology crimes in the banking system.According to the designers and distributors charged with the computer virus, Gozi claimed that the designing and writing of the virus code began around six years before executing the criminal activities. The design and writing of the source code were done in secret to avoid the effect of the government intelligence. The co-conspirators in the financial crime were later sold at a price of fifty thousand dollars and the shares to the illegal profits according to the prosecutor. The virus was subsequently sent as spam emails with attached files that secretly installed the virus in the backend after the download of the pdf documents.The Gozi Trojan was specifically designed to collect the data from the computer s upon the installation hence providing the passwords and the security information threat. The process led to the access of the security information concerning the bank accounts hence facilitating the access of the online banking system and the illegal transfers. The software that resulted in the access and illegal shipments of the online cash affected the majority of the online banking system through the hiding of the internet protocols addresses and servers. The internet protocol cache addresses and servers enabled the criminals in evading the detection of the illegal transfers. The banking websites are among the most affected online transfer avenues that are affected by the growing effect of cyber-crimes in Trojans and computer worms. Effects of Cyber-Crimes in the SocietyCyber-crime cases are among the rising cases of the computer crimes associated with the advancement in the technology. The effect of the crimes committed through the creation and distribution of the virus affec ts the milestones made in the technology. The impact of the computer threats increases in the society has led to the development of different mechanisms in tackling the malicious threats. The increasing need for legitimate traffic and transactions within the banking system have called for the elaboration of the devices such as a firewall. The firewall component improves the network security through blocking and allowing the legitimate traffic especially for the delicate transfers such as the banking system.The development of firewall enables the safety of the scheme through the restriction and filtering of the data transferred through the traffic. The deployment of the firewalls allows the protection of the system in running the applications installed in delivering the quality services. Corporate enforcement of the information security policy has been implemented with the rising number of computer-related threats on the data and finances and the growth of the online money transfer. The development of the firewalls has become increasingly complex evolving from the offering traditional firewalls to protect networks to the application-aware processing of the Internet protocols.Firewall SecurityFirewalls are the front line defense mechanisms that are used against the illegal intruders into the network security. The firewalls network security operates in seven layers of the protection against the malicious and unauthorized access of the computer. The firewall technology involves the hardware and software application in ensuring the Internet security mechanisms are employed and implemented. The standard layers used in the firewall security device, however, include; the network, data link, network and the application layer. The complexity of the internet security and application of different functions depend on the risks and data involved in a particular system. Among the healthy controls employed by the technology is the IP address controls that block the access o f unauthorized network. The development and implementation of the OSI layer in computer protection enable the security of data and online communication preventing the hacking of the system and the use of a virus. The technology that has been researched by different technology companies such as the technology giants, Cisco Networks works in various rules and applications. The use of packets in the transfer of data examines the different port numbers of the sources and destination of packets hence allowing the traffic. Data is transferred in small packets to the respective ports ensuring the secure filtering of data within the network.Additionally, the incoming and outgoing network protection against the untrusted network traffic can be performed in different methods. The types of firewall include the packet firewalls, stateful firewalls, proxy firewalls and the standard application layer firewall used on the web servers. Various types of firewalls are used depending on the type of d ata utilized by the organization. The complexity of the firewall depends on the information importance by the society.The commonly implemented types of firewalls are the application layer firewalls used for the protection of the web servers against the threats. The technology emerged in 1999 allowing the network security on the servers in the inspection and protection of the packets across the network. The application allows the filtering and blocking of the malicious packets across the network. The technique uses the home computer operating system in passing the information between the systems. The hardware-based firewalls provide additional functionalities like routing of the internal network to provide protection of the scheme.The proxy firewalls technique among the types of firewalls used by various organizations currently involves the use of the proxy in preventing the direct links on the opposite side of the fi...

The Debate Over Nuclear Waste - 1240 Words

It is established that energy cannot be created nor destroyed and it could not be made out of nothing according the law of conservation of energy. The way that science explains the phenomenon of energy conservation is by portraying the conservation of energy as a physical transfer of energy between mediums through various forms such as heat, sound, and light. Since the discovery of fire in the early days of humanity, it can be understood that heat is the most versatile form of energy. On the expense of sacrificial physical matter, heat is produced particularly natural resource such as fossil fuels. While time progresses, the anticipated rate of decrease in fossil fuels has lead to the exploration of prospectively innovative long-term energy supplies. Nevertheless, like fossil fuels, injurious resources have professed many questions regarding the discarding of nuclear waste. This controversy paper will be mainly focusing on the question of whether nuclear waste can be disposed of safe ly. Contrasting on the issues with fossil fuels, the depletion of nuclear resources cannot tangibly be consumed. Relatively when creating heat by utilizing fossil fuels, nuclear resources do not breakdown into individual byproducts for example, carbon dioxide and water. In contrast, electrical power plants use nuclear resources such as uranium and plutonium pellets. When these nuclear resources are used, they remain undamaged and become considered as consumed fuel once it reaches an industrialShow MoreRelatedThe Debate Over Nuclear Waste1440 Words   |  6 Pagesregarding the discarding of nuclear waste. This controversy paper will be mainly focusing on the question of whether nuclear waste can be disposed of safely. Contrasting on the issues with fossil fuels, the depletion of nuclear resources cannot tangibly be consumed. Relatively when creating heat by utilizing fossil fuels, nuclear resources do not breakdown into individual byproducts for example, carbon dioxide and water. In contrast, electrical power plants use nuclear resources such as uranium andRead MoreNuclear Waste Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesNuclear Waste by Richard A. Muller Nuclear waste is a radioactive waste that is dangerous, and a fair percentage of people would agree on this topic. However, is it really dangerous or is it just harmful to an extent? In society, many debates are held over trying to prove to the world that this substance is harmful. In the essay, â€Å"Nuclear Waste,† Muller states clearly that he sides with the anti-nuke of the debate and how he pinpoints the facts of nuclear waste with great persuasion. Yet, it isRead MorePosition Statement-The Use of Nuclear Energy765 Words   |  4 Pages Despite the fact the countries continue to increase the production of nuclear energy, my position is that new nuclear power plants should not continue to be built. The current use of nuclear power should be carefully evaluated with a plan to slowly decrease production throughout the world. The negative implications to the environment and economy support my position. The production of nuclear energy is not as safe and clean as some say that it is. The Oxford Research Group released aRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Nuclear Waste1712 Words   |  7 PagesNorth Korea, but because it has no safe way of disposing of its nuclear waste. Radiation is a silent killer; if exposed into the environment it could lead to genetic mutations, cancer, and if long enough, premature death. Furthermore, radioactive material can work its way up from the environment to animals, to humans up the food chain nowhere near the site of exposure. We have been complacent in finding a permanent solution to nuclear waste management for decades and it has created a state of uncertaintyRead MoreEssay about Nuclear Waste Disposal1478 Words   |  6 Pages Nuclear Waste and the Effects on Human Life Statement of the issue: nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Nuclear waste is a growing concern in the Untied States and throughout the world today. Even right now as I type this paper Congress is debating as to allow nuclear waste to be stored in Yucca Mountain in Nevada. This debate in Congress will help decide the way that the Untied States deals with nuclear waste issues in the future. Nuclear waste is hazardousRead MoreEconomic And Environmental Pros And Cons Of Nuclear Power1411 Words   |  6 PagesENVIRONMENTAL PROS AND CONS OF NUCLEAR POWERSTATION IN UK â€Å"HARTLEPOOL† A nuclear debate on the fuel cycle to the key economic and environmental advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power was held on the 3rd of March 2016 in Coventry University 212GED oil gas students. My acting role as EdF Witness local employee from Sizewell Nuclear Power Station was to stand in favor of â€Å"Pro nuclear†. The debate was to discuss why the committee should agree to deploy a nuclear power station in HeartlepoolRead MoreNuclear Power And Its Effects On The World1610 Words   |  7 Pagestheir fossil fuel dependency. Nuclear power is a relevant factor in alternative energy for policy-makers. In the 1950’s, anticipation for nuclear energy was very high, people thought that new advancements in nuclear energy would make electricity free. Nuclear power was successfully implemented for commercial use in 1954 Russia. Since then a total of 438 nuclear reactors were created around the world, including the United States, with 67 still under construction. Nuclear power support has always wanedRead MoreNuclear Waste Policy Act Of 19821205 Words   |  5 Pages The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 was enacted and passed by Congress based on bipartisanship between parties of congress, recommendations from various interest groups, and presidential leadership from Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. Authoured by the 97th U.S. Congress, this policy aimed to create both a safe and permanent repository to store highly nuclear nuclear waste left over from the production of nuclear weapons in the 1950’s. Up until the bill was signed into law, the disposal of nuclearRead MoreNuclear Energy Boon or Bane1430 Words   |  6 PagesDiscussion Ideas: Nuclear Ener†¦ Next Blog » Create Blog Sign In Group Discussion Ideas An important step in interviews Home Topics About me Learn the art of Living Some positive thoughts You can suggest a new group discussion topic by posting a comment. FRIDAY, MARCH 18, 2011 Nuclear Energy in India - Boon or Bane? Points to be known:Nuclear power is the fourth-largest source of electricity in India after thermal, hydroelectric and renewable sources of electricity. There are 442 nuclear reactors in theRead MoreNuclear Power And Its Effect On The Environment1347 Words   |  6 PagesNuclear power plays a pivotal role in our lives. Nuclear power seems to be the only way to help human beings go through energy crisis and climate change. These two problems threaten global security and the stability of the environment. There are several advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power, so my essay is focusing on what British people really think of nuclear energy. Overview UK’s first nuclear reactor called Calder Hall was built in Sellafield in 1956. Now the UK has 18 nuclear

Essay about New Englanders vs Cheasapeakers - 1195 Words

Alex Boyette Mr. Ford APUSH 18 September 2013 New Englanders vs. Chesapeakers (there is no such thing a a Chesapeaker) The people of the New England region were focused more on families and God. Most of the settlers had left England to be free from religious control of The Church of England. Many of the religious people left because they sought God in a different way and were being repressed by the Christians (how?) because of it. The New Englanders were also more of a neighboring settlement than the Chesapeake region. On board, (name of ship and date) John Winthrop wrote, â€Å"We must delight in each other, make others’ conditions our own, rejoice together, mourn together, labor and suffer together, always having before our eyes our†¦show more content†¦The colonists did not want shop owners to increase prices so high that they would become poor trying to buy essential items to live. The shop owners and towns people agreed to this regulation in 1676 and made fair trade in Connecticut. The shopkeepers, under t he regulation, were told that, â€Å"they do not enrich themselves suddenly and inordinately (by opposing prices and wages to the impoverishing [of] their neighbors†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Doc E). They held up this end and the regulation was a success. The colonies in the Chesapeake region were not so in touch with family, fair trade, and neighborly love. The people of the Chesapeake region were there for one reason to get rich quick. They did not move to the New World for freedom of religion or to get in touch more with their family. In fact may of the people that moved to the New World came over alone and without families. Document C shows that there were many more men than women that came over and these men most likely did not come over with wives because most might not of had one (Doc C). These colonists had no interest in family life, only in making money. They even got off to a rough start when they would die in (die of what?)the first winter and would not try to obtain food, but onl y look for gold. A young Captain named John Smith got the town of Jamestown into action by his moto, â€Å"He who shall not work, shall

The For A Community College - 1399 Words

Trick #4, show that you are a determined person by mentioning that you could go to a community college if you’ve ever failed to get admitted the first time around. Most students who are applying for college are often recommended to apply at a community college first, just in case they had bad grades or were not accepted to their chosen university. Many have used this technique to increase their chances to succeed in a future application, which is good. But there’s another way to, let’s say, manipulate this â€Å"community college† option. The keywords are â€Å"showing how determined you are†. Let’s explain: -First, know that there are 3 types of essay questions on your application, namely the â€Å"Describe yourself option†, â€Å"the explain why you want to attend our college† question and â€Å"the discuss an issue† question. -Begin by structuring your essay and make sure you slip this big detail, but not by making it an important fact. The key is to show how determined you are, by â€Å"slipping† in your essay the following detail† I want to be a part of your University so much, that even though I haven’t got the best grades, I will enroll at a community college, and come out of there with the best grades and come back for another try†. Or again, if you have good grades, but are aware that the competition is very high you can also write† If I am not admitted this time around, at your prestigious University, community college will probably be an option this year, but I will come back, with the sameShow MoreRelatedCommunity College For Community Colleges857 Words   |  4 PagesLiterature Community College Revenue Community colleges have roots dating back to the 1900’s and became more homogenous with the help of the 1960’s California Master Plan for Higher Education. In the past, community colleges were tuition-free or subsidized by local property taxes and state appropriations (Cohen, M. Brawer, F. 2008). Currently, community college financing has been unpredictable â€Å"due to the discretionary nature of state support and the vagaries of funding initiatives† (PhelanRead MoreAmerican Community Colleges And The American Association Of Community College947 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Community Colleges were established in the twentieth century to address the needs of the workforce development (The American Association of Community College, 2015). Moreover, skilled workers were critical to the economic growth and strength of America’s society (American Association of Community College, 2015). Although the community college’s mission has not changed, employment skills have changed. In order to yield tangible economic benefits to the community, community colleges have toRead MoreCommunity College Or University?871 Words   |  4 Pages Community College or University Going to a community college, rather than a university, is a much more sufficient choice for high school graduates. Community colleges like Rockingham Community College (RCC), have increased benefits for the undergraduate students compared to that of a university. Attending RCC is a superior choice for most students because it is less expensive than a university, it has smaller, more flexible classes, and it is also usually closer to home and work. ThereRead MoreCommunity College Essay1003 Words   |  5 PagesDisability Employment Policy (ODEP) Pathways to Careers: Community Colleges for Youth and Young Adults with Disabilities Demonstration Project (SCA 14-03) Why the Focus on Community Colleges Community colleges are the post-secondary institution of choice for youth with disabilities. Enrollment of students with disabilities in community colleges is growing faster than at 4-year institutions. Newman et al. found that between 1990 and 2005, community college enrollment of students with disabilities increasedRead MoreThe Mission Of Community Colleges1130 Words   |  5 Pagesaltered missions of community colleges and related impacts on the historical mission of community colleges. The mission of community colleges were intended to serve all individuals with an equal opportunity for higher education access. In this research paper, there will be four guided questions: 1. What was the original mission of community colleges? 2. How has the community colleges mission changed over time? 3. How did the organizational culture impact the community colleges? 4. What are societalRead MoreCommunity College or University?922 Words   |  4 PagesChoosing a college or deciding to even go to college is one of the most stressful things that we have had to do in our lives so far. This is especially stressful when you don’t have the money to pay for college or don’t know what you want to major in. College is very expensive and the costs add up quickly. Community college is less expensive and is not much different than a university. You can start majoring in something in a community college and then transfer your credits to a university. ManyRead MoreThe Importance Of Community College1075 Words   |  5 PagesEvery year thousands of individuals are faced with questions about college. These questions, whether it be committing to a community college or a university or deciding to commute or live on campus, determine the course a students’ life takes while in college. Finding a college that fits each individual person and th eir unique needs is a difficult task that takes time and patience. I believe revamping the structure of community colleges will benefit students of all ages. Remodeling the acceptance andRead MoreBenefits Of Community College746 Words   |  3 PagesShould community college should be free? Now everyone can get an education if they wanted to, community colleges or a university can help people get a career to succeed. Some students dont really have enough money to go to a university because is really expensive but there is a solution community college can help everyone earn their associates degree and transfer in the future. Community colleges gives students the opportunity to get the same education as a university but with less money. CommunityRead MoreA Community College Or A University?993 Words   |  4 Pagesbegin at a community college or a university? Although they both have their benefits and shortcomings, they both offer the same diversities of knowledge. When deciding where is best to continue with a steady start, each individual should know that a community college and a university differ in learning environment, cost, and how much time the individual would like to spend on campus, but first, what are the differences between a community college and a univers ity. A community college, also knownRead MoreHouston Community College951 Words   |  4 PagesMariela Figueroa Assignment #1 Houston Community College Houston Community College offers facilities to serve students, in all disciplines, improve students learning skills and by targeting specific areas of concern. Students can use these resources throughout their college careers. You don t need an appointment to visit any of the resources offices and there is no charge for use of the labs, Word processing software and online tutoring service are also available. Northeast campus includes

Project Reconciliation Management Project Management

Project reconciliation management is a component of Project management which arranges every one of the parts of a project. Project reconciliation guarantees smooth execution of all procedures. The deliverables here incorporate yet not restricted to Project s Charter; Scope that can be an underlying variant, management arrangement about the project .In the project management viewpoint, reconciliation includes the elements of partner the group; unite the status, and taking synergistic activities that are imperative for project fulfillment. It likewise is required for dealing with the desires from the partners who give the financial plan and prerequisites to check whether we live up to their desires and norms. Management is not one deal with the necessities but rather it will likewise help in settling on the right decisions about the assignment of assets who need to work in this project, picking the right business highlight or notwithstanding trading off with other taking into account the need, handle the conditions between various groups like UIX, Engineering, QA, testing and so forth. The key work involved in each of the processes for project integration management is described below: Develop Project Charter- In this procedure a report is produced which formally approves the project or stage and finishes recording the underlying prerequisites that meet the desire of the partners. Develop Project management plan- The underlying prerequisites documentation is utilized asShow MoreRelatedAn Analytical Environment On My Accounting And Supply Chain Management1015 Words   |  5 PagesOBJECTIVE: To continue my career in an analytical environment utilizing my Accounting and Supply Chain Management degrees. Over 18 years of experience in Financial Auditing, Manufacturing and Supply Chain Management. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: Rutgers, University Procurement Service, Piscataway, NJ Supply Chain Project Data Analyst and Accounts Payables May 2016 – current Supply Chain Project Data Analysis of the day to day accounting activities. Reporting trends, costs and deliverables toRead MoreChange Management And Project Management1426 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstanding the definition and value for change management. Change management and project management were integrated by 71% of the Prosci study participants on their projects. This ensured higher effectiveness of change management and higher likelihood of meeting project objectives. Communications plan, project plan, training plan and schedules were the most commonly used tools. 79% of participants reported using a particular methodology for change management. This trend has been on the increase sinceRead MoreProcurement Process Essay examples1297 Words   |  6 PagesProcurement management is the processes to purchase or acquire the products, services or results needed from outside the project team to perform the work. Project Procurement Management involves not just purchasing products, services or results, but also ensuring that those that are purchased are right for the project, meets standards and is based on project requirements. This life cycle includes tracking from order through deployment and completing with invoice reconciliation. All projects are definedRead MoreApplied Research Technologies Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesTechnologies, Inc.† Phyllis A. Clayton Professor: Dr. Hakim B. Allah Project Management Leadership BUS 518 July 21, 2012 â€Å"Applied Research Technologies, Inc.† 1. Determine the leadership style that Peter Vyas exhibited as he considered the group’s proposal and provide examples of his behavior. Of the four leadership styles, participative, consultative, delegative, and directive, discussed in Lewis’ book Project Leadership, Peter Vyas exhibited a participative leadership style. TheRead MoreJob Description and Recruiting Strategies Worksheet Essay889 Words   |  4 Pagesformat. JOB ANALYSIS 1. What are the duties and job responsibilities associated with the position held by the individual you interviewed? 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I prepared scope documents with detailed definitions to analyze and document business data requirements, participated in discussions with clients to help set-up the project seamlessly. I achieved a 100% reconciliation in the request tracking system set-up by developing daily data reports and data exception reports using SQL. I also implemented a data checkRead MoreCase Study Management Process At Hospital Corporation Of America1148 Words   |  5 Pagesto the project management process at Hospital Corporation of America (HCA). The corporate entity of HCA is responsible for executing and delivering hundreds of Information Technology projects each year that span a variety of specialty areas such as clinical operations, new product development, and IT infrastructure. All of these projects are managed through HCA’s Project Management Center of Excellence to ensure consistency in planning and execution. From inception, each project has itsRead MoreAccountability And Responsibility Of An Organization1009 Words   |  5 PagesIt sets the organisation’s mission, vision, objectives, policies and strategic plan. It also oversees the management of an organisation and represents stakeholders in an organisation. The Zoo needs to establish a Board of Directors and its members need to have experience or expertise in Zoo administration. The Board has to meet regularly in every three months or when the Zoo management requests it or when the need arises. It is the most powerful decision-making organ of the Zoo. The Chief

Types of Contracts Free Essays

TYPES OF CONTRACTS The risk shared between the buyer and seller is determined by the contract type. Although the firm-fixedprice type of contractual arrangement is typically the preferred type which is encouraged and often demanded by most organizations, there are times when another contract form may be in the best interests of the project. If a contract type other than fixed-price is intended, it is incumbent on the project team to justify its use. We will write a custom essay sample on Types of Contracts or any similar topic only for you Order Now The type of contract to be used and the specific contract terms and conditions fix the degree of risk being assumed by the buyer and seller. All legal contractual relationships generally fall into one of two broad families, either fixed-price or cost reimbursable. Also, there is a third hybrid-type commonly in use called the time and materials contract. The more popular of the contract types in use are discussed below as discrete types, but in practice it is not unusual to combine one or more types into a single procurement. Fixed price contracts. This category of contracts involves setting a fixed total price for a defined product or service to be provided. Fixed-price contracts may also incorporate financial incentives for achieving or exceeding selected project objectives, such as schedule delivery dates, cost and technical performance, or anything that can be quantified and subsequently measured. Sellers under fixed-price contracts are legally obligated to complete such contracts, with possible financial damages if they do not. Under the fixed-price arrangement, buyers must precisely specify the product or services being procured. Changes in scope can be accommodated, but generally at an increase in contract price. Firm Fixed Price Contracts (FFP). The most commonly used contract type is the FFP. It is favored by most buying organizations because the price for goods is set at the outset and not subject to change unless the scope of work changes. Any cost increase due to adverse performance is the responsibility of the seller, who is obligated to complete the effort. Under the FFP contract, the buyer must precisely specify the product or services to be procured, and any changes to the procurement specification can increase the costs to the buyer. Fixed Price Incentive Fee Contracts (FPIF). This fixed-price arrangement gives the buyer and seller some flexibility in that it allows for deviation from performance, with financial incentives tied to achieving agreed to metrics. Typically such financial incentives are related to cost, schedule, or technical performance of the seller. Performance targets are established at the outset, and the final contract price is determined after completion of all work based on the seller’s performance. Under FPIF contracts, a price ceiling is set, and all costs above the price ceiling are the responsibility of the seller, who is obligated to complete the work. Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment Contracts (FP-EPA). This contract type is used whenever the seller’s performance period spans a considerable period of years, as is desired with many long-term relationships. It is a fixed-price contract, but with a special provision allowing for pre-defined final adjustments to the contract price due to changed conditions, such as inflation changes, or cost increases (or decreases) for specific commodities. The EPA clause must relate to some reliable financial index which is used to precisely adjust the final price. The FP-EPA contract is intended to protect both buyer and seller from external conditions beyond their control. Cost-reimbursable contracts. This category of contract involves payments (cost reimbursements) to the seller for all legitimate actual costs incurred for completed work, plus a fee representing seller profit. Cost-reimbursable contracts may also include financial incentive clauses whenever the seller exceeds, or falls below, defined objectives such as costs, schedule, or technical performance targets. Three of the more common types of cost-reimbursable contracts in use are Cost Plus Fixed Fee (CPFF), Cost Plus Incentive Fee (CPIF), and Cost Plus Award Fee (CPAF). A cost-reimbursable contract gives the project flexibility to redirect a seller whenever the scope of work cannot be precisely defined at the start and needs to be altered, or when high risks may exist in the effort. Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contracts (CPFF). The seller is reimbursed for all allowable costs for performing the contract work, and receives a fixed fee payment calculated as a percentage of the initial estimated project costs. Fee is paid only for completed work and does not change due to seller performance. Fee amounts do not change unless the project scope changes. Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contracts (CPIF). The seller is reimbursed for all allowable costs for performing the contract work and receives a predetermined incentive fee based upon achieving certain performance objectives as set forth in the contract. In CPIF contracts, if the final costs are less or greater than the original estimated costs, then both the buyer and seller share costs from the departures based upon a prenegotiated cost sharing formula, e. g. , an 80/20 split over/under target costs based on the actual performance of the seller. Cost Plus Award Fee Contracts (CPAF). The seller is reimbursed for all legitimate costs, but the majority of the fee is only earned based on the satisfaction of certain broad subjective performance criteria defined and incorporated into the contract. The determination of fee is based solely on the subjective determination of seller performance by the buyer, and is generally not subject to appeals. Time and Material Contracts (TM). Time and material contracts are a hybrid type of contractual arrangement that contain aspects of both cost-reimbursable and fixed-price contracts. They are often used for staff augmentation, acquisition of experts, and any outside support when a precise statement of work cannot be quickly prescribed. These types of contracts resemble cost-reimbursable contracts in that they can be left open ended and may be subject to a cost increase for the buyer. The full value of the agreement and the exact quantity of items to be delivered may not be defined by the buyer at the time of the contract award. Thus, TM contracts can increase in contract value as if they were cost-reimbursable contracts. Many organizations require not-toexceed values and time limits placed in all TM contracts to prevent unlimited cost growth. Conversely, TM contracts can also resemble fixed unit price arrangements when certain parameters are specified in the contract. Unit labor or material rates can be preset by the buyer and seller, including seller profit, when both parties agree on the values for specific resource categories, such as senior engineers at specified rates per hour, or categories of materials at specified rates per unit. How to cite Types of Contracts, Papers

Five Star Beer free essay sample

Five Star Beer Problems Analysis Decreasing Market Share Five Star Beer had a great history. This was closely related to the policy of China at that time. Before 1978, Chinese government controlled almost all Chinese economy and resources. Every company was owned by government. Every activity was under the control of Chinese government, including what the prize was, how much beer it should make, where to sell, and how much the employees should earn. Five Star Beer served Beijing and the surrounding Hebei province.After reform and opening-up policy was established in 1978, there were more and more brewers throughout China. But Five Star still enjoyed a majority of the Beijing market prior to the early 1990s. However, by the early 1990s, Five Star had to compete in the Beijing area with Three Ring Beer. Also, not only in Beijing area, Five Star had to compete throughout the country because in the earlier time, it gained some market share in other area by establishing of licensing agreements between itself and other regional brewers. We will write a custom essay sample on Five Star Beer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At that time, Five Star would not be the â€Å"only one† any more. It had to consider how to sell the bear. Quality Problem It was also the time that ASIMCO discovered Five Star Beer had a great quality difficulty, leading the second and also the most important thing that Five Star Beer should deal with quality. Products from the same company should have nothing different except variety, taste, and characteristics, which points out that quality issues will not be tolerated.Quality is the life of the company. However, ASIMCO found there was a severe quality problem within Five Star Beer. The reason may be that Five Star developed too fast and signed too many licensing agreements within its capacity. Just giving other regional brewers a â€Å"Five Star† brand instead of giving them technical support and standard procedure could lead to produce unqualified products. From another aspect, Five Star never used to think about its quality because

Harley Davidson International Management Essay Example For Students

Harley Davidson International Management Essay I.Summary of the case study Harley-Davidson rockers idolSo, this case study is about Harley-Davidson, a brand of motorcycles and more precisely about its development since his foundation in 1903 by 21-year-old William S. Harley and 20-year-old Arthur Davidson. So, in 2003, it was the celebration of the 100th birthday of the Harley-Davidson. And, in order to commemorate it, fans of this famous brand rode until Milwaukee to see the parade of 10 000 Harley-Davidson motorcycles. Through this celebration, we can see how recognized this brand is for the owners, or should I say fans. Indeed, this case also shows how the strategy and the marketing of Harley-Davidson are good; because Harley has fans and they will do all they can for their bikes and their brand. For its 100th year, Harley Planned for selling 290 000 bikes. And in 2002, the firm reported a gross profit of US$ 1.4 billion on US$ 4 billion sales. But, its history has never been so easy. Indeed, after 50 years of growth destroying the local competition in the US, Harley has known almost 20 years of hard competition in his market, and especially with Honda. And seeing a deterioration of its market share (only 30%), Harley has decided to abandon overseas markets. 1969 saw Harley-Davidson merge with the American Machine and Foundry Company (AMF). The merger would last until 1981, when 13 senior executives from Harley Davidson buy back the company. After the buyout is made official, the phrase The Eagle Soars Alone becomes a rallying cry. So, this merger has ensured Harley-Davidson to continue its development and its improvement, and succeeded its come back in the first line. This new team achieved this thanks to a good marketing strategy, in other words creating customer value. This new strategy has ensured to create the feeling for the owners to belong to a family, such as the Harley Owners Group. One of the key issue of the new strategy is thus to accord importance to fidelity. The most interesting point of this case is that Harley has different marketing strategy according to countries. Indeed, in some markets (US, Australia, Japan, Spain, Denmark) Harley-Davidson tries to attract new customers using advertisements, but in other markets such as the Europe, the strategy is more the usage of the promotion in specialized magazines. Another interesting point is that the Harleys market shares in Europe in very low although the Europe market represents 35% of the worldwide large motorcycle market. This case study shows too that Harleys customers are not the metal bikers customers who used to be in the past. Indeed, Harley-Davidson attracts now more profession such as lawyers or doctors about 45 years with a medium income level. And, according to customers, buying a Harley-Davidson, it is like a dream and the possibility to be a part of the myth. The dream is about to escape the bored life riding a Harley-Davidson which is relaxing. But, the brand stretching strategy of Harley-Davidson didnt have the expected effects. Indeed, products such as wine and cosmetics (with a partnership with LOreal) have not a high volume of sales. However, products such as leisurewear and fashion ranges feel better. So, the main issue of this case study is to know why Harley-Davidson has chosen different strategies according to markets, understand the idea of the brand stretching strategy of Harley-Davidson, and also to give some recommendations and ideas for the marketing strategy of Harley-Davidson. II.Strategy of Harley-Davidson1.Marketing environmental analysisFirst of all, Harley-Davidson has realized since the 80s an impressive marketing strategy giving to Harley-Davidson a brand name more than ever recognized, even compared to its first 50 years. Indeed, the strategy was not to focus on reducing the costs, or on the distribution improvement, but the main element was to create customer value. In other words, H-Ds will was to give more credibility, trust, safety, desire, quality of product and service, and thus fidelity to its brand. And in order to reach that goal, H-D centralized its marketing on these topics, creating for example a Harley Owners Group who rallies more than 900 000 members worldwide (www.harley-davidson.com). The main interest of this group is to ensure members to know each other, and become a second family who share the same interests, wills, and thoughts. And this strategy ensures Harley-Davidson to maintain a strong relationship with its customers, and thus a strong brand name all over the world. According to customers, the owners of H-D say that this brand understand them and their needs, and also that they are always there if a problem appears. These remarks can be linked with Harley-Davidsons values. Indeed, according to H-D Our values are the heart of how we run our business. They guide our actions and serve as the framework for the decisions and contributions our employees make at every level of the Company.(www.harleydavidson.com); these values are:Be FairTell the TruthKeep Your Promis esRespect the IndividualEncourage Intellectual CuriosityWe can also link this strategy with the mission statement of Harley-Davidson: We fulfill dreams through the experience of motorcycling by providing to motorcyclists and to the general public an expanding line of motorcycles and branded products and services in selected market segmentsHarley Davidson Inc. So, through these first elements of explanation of Harleys success, we can clearly see what Harley-Davidsons strategic objectives are. Indeed, in order to be successful, organizations must determine clear financial and strategic objectives. Thompson-Strickland, in his book (Strategic Management, eleventh edition), outlined a number of strategic performance objectives and Harley-Davidson applied some of these. Harley-Davidson focused on gaining a greater market share, achieving higher product quality than rivals, maintaining a stronger reputation and a better branding strategy than its competitors, increasing levels of customer satisfaction and finally attaining stronger customer loyalty. Thanks to the establishment of the strategic objectives of the company, managers can decide what the main goal of the company is, and therefore decide on the companys strategic intent. When Yamaha challenged Honda in the Japanese market, Honda responded with Yamaha wo tsubusu (We will crush, squash, slaughter Yamaha). Strategic intent gives direction to the company and a commitment to winning. The strategic intent of Harley is based on creating a culture both within and outside the organization. Thanks to this culture a strong bondage is created between the company and its customers. The product takes second place while the emotions associated with the brand becomes the most important value. This separates them from their competitors, as this culture is difficult to recreate. Their approach allowed them to lead the way in the U.S. and Asian marketsAccording to Jeffrey L. Bleustein, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Harley Davidson, We have the very important job of providing our customers with more than just motorcycleswe provide a complete motorcycle experience through our products, unique services and memorable events. And we are constantly making that experience better by building relationships with the people who ride our motorcycles (code of conduct). Their business philosophy is built on bringing people together and creating communities. In the 60s and 70s Harleys strategic intent was based on going shoulder-to-shoulder against the predominantly Japanese companies. Harley could not compete on the price level, and the Japanese products were of superior quality, Harley decided to compete in other areas. Their new strategy was to connect with people on an emotional level. They are not selling a product but a way of life, a way of thinking. Harley changed its strategy from selling products to selling community. If theres one secret to our enduring brand and the passion it ignites in our riders, its that we deliver these experiences, rather than merely a collection of products and services, explains a manager from the company. The example of the Saturn shows how successful such as strategy is. The Saturn is a practical, unsexy, utilitarian car, priced for people who do not find joy in haggling on price. But like Harley Davidson, there is a sense of community among owners. People come into the dealership on Saturday morning; they have free car washes, coffee and donuts. They talk to each other and have one thing in common which is their car. This strategy to bring people together builds a sense of unity with the organization and creates strong brand loyalty. And the fact that H-D has developed a Brand stretching strategy can also be an element of Harleys success in developing relationships with customers. Indeed, owners can buy other Harleys products than bikes; it means that they can be more than a biker, they can join Harleys group buying leather accessories or clothes, and even cosmetics. So, the marketing strategy of Harley-Davidson is successful, especially in the US, because US people have more that kind of mind. Indeed, Harleys spirit is a distinct family, a second way of living. And, this is the most important because corporate personality has a big impact on business success (Book of International Business, Stuart Wall Bronwen Rees, 2004, Prentice Hall). And now, the main issue for Harley-Davidson is to find the way for improving its sales in Europe and in Asia. 2.International StrategySince the end of the 80s, Harley-Davidsons strategy has been changed, trying to break into the European market. So, in 5 years the production has doubled (tripled in 8 years). Indeed, according to Jean-Luc MARS, CEO of Harley-Davidson France (www.moto-station.com), the actual growth is the result of all the work done during the last 15 years. According to him, Harley has worked a lot since the end of the 80s (without talking about the H.O.G or other events) on the local market penetration (commercial, network, image/marketing), but also on the improvement of the manufacturing production quality. III.Strategic PlanningIn order to know what are the issues Harley-Davidson has to focus on for its international development strategy, it is important to have more acknowledge about the market, and also about itself. Indeed, strategic decisions can be made only if we have all the information needed about itself (competencies, financial health), and its market (competit ors, forecasts). And, the best way to reach this goal is to do an external and internal Analysis. So, this is all about strategic planning which aims are to define firms missions and objectives, but also to find growth opportunities and what could be a threat in the future. And, according to Kenneth Andrews of the Harvard Business School, corporate strategy is the pattern of decisions in a company that determines and reveals its objectives, purposes, or goals, produces the principal policies and plans for achieving those goals, and defines the range of business the company is to pursue (Book of International Business). 1.External analysisa.P.E.S.T AnalysisThis analysis means that external factors operates on firms and can be an element to take in account to implement the strategy. Indeed, these factors are Political, Economic, Social, and Technological. PoliticalLaws exist in each marketplace, governing levels of pollution, plant emissions and the working environment. The Harley Company needs to be made well aware in advance of safety environmental standards in order to fully comply, therefore avoiding bad publicity and possible financial and legal repercussions. According to Harleys Code of Conduct, one of the environment responsibilities is Preserving the planet and Consider the environmental impact of business decisions before proceedings. There is an act in France, for example, governing motor noise emissions, and this is naturally quite relevant to Harley as its owners take pride in the engines loud noise. Following the tragic events of September 11th 2001, Americans are said to have become more patriotic which will no doubt have led to them taking increased pride in all things American. Harley is seen by many as one of the greatest U.S. symbols and will have achieved an evermore endearing place in the hearts of Americans. Virtual Reality1 EssayAnother weakness of Harley-Davidson is the narrowness of the product line. Some stock market analysts have predicted that Harley-Davidson is a disaster waiting to happen because the company is a one product company. Competitor brands have more than one product line and in the long run will be able to invest more trying to eat away the market share of Harley-Davidson. IV.Strategy to implement1.Strategic issuesAccording to me, and according to the strategic planning, there are four strategic issues that Harley-Davidson has to face with. The most important is the European market where H-D has to increase its sales, then, linked with the first issue, there is a fierce competition with the Japanese firms such as Honda and Yamaha. The other issues are the women market and the accessories which are in decline. So, as we know, Harley-Davidson is not very famous in Europe where Harleys market share of 650 cc plus motorcycle is less than 7% (6.6%), while in North America Harley-Davidson has a huge market share (46.4%), 21.3% for the Asian market. The main industry competitors are Honda, Suzuki, Yamaha, Kawasaki and BMW. Harley-Davidson is the market leader in the U.S. market with 46.4% market share. Their domestic position is quite secure however the rival companies are all aiming to increase their impact on the North American market. Honda remains the main competitor with a 20.2% market share in North America. Even though they trail behind Harley in the high profit market for heavy bikes, Honda sells more bikes worldwide than Harley-Davidson. Honda provides a wider selection of products ranging from super sport bikes, cruisers, scooters and motor cross bikes. The popularity of cruiser bikes is increasing and last year the registrations for heavy weight motorcycles rose by 22%, but Harleys share fell from 50.2% in 1997 to 46.4% in 2002. This means that companies like Honda are quite successful in taking customers away from Harley. Rival manufacturers such as Kawasaki or BMW have all made a serious attempt to establish them at the heart of Harleys market. The Japanese bikes were often considered to be sissy cycles by Harley lovers. This image is slowly changing and the Japanese companies are trying to out Harley the Harley models. Yamaha motor USA is starting to improve its position in its various markets. The U.S. sales have increased for 47% since 1998. Despite these successes, companies have had a tough time in creating an image for themselves particularly in the cruiser markets. Harley continues to dominate the U.S, market and is also the leader in the Asian/Pacific markets with 21.3% market share. So, compared with Honda, its main competitor, H-D is better in North America and in Asia-Pacific, but certainly not in Europe. What is very interesting, it is the fact that the Asian market is more or less equitably shared. In other words, there is not too much gap between all the competitors, especially between Harley-Davidson and Honda (21.3% against 19.1%). But, this is totally different in Europe for Harley-Davidson who has only 6.6% of market share. So, to my mind, this market is the most promising. Thats why Harley-Davidson has to focus especially its marketing in the European market in order to win market shares, and reduce the gap between its competitors. Moreover, Harley net revenue in Europe is the second behind the U.S. With only 6.6% of market share the European market is already the second net revenue. So, if Harley succeeds in increasing its market share in Europe, its net revenue could be in high growth. Then, in order to fully understand its market, and in order to compete in a more serious way its competitors, Harley-Davidson must identify the distinct segments that their competitors focus on and what distinctive product service benefits they offer. Hondas activities are forcing Harley-Davidson into a niche market. The company is known for its flexibility and is progressively introducing bigger and better bikes. The Japanese manufacturer is starting to increase its competitive pressure by applying some of the strategies implemented by Harley. Honda is beginning to improve its relations with its customers and is also trying to build a sense of community among its customers. The Honda Rider Club of America is Hondas attempt to achieve the same sense of belonging Harley bikers have with their beloved brand. The club allows customers to gain 24-hour emergency roadside services. The club also organizes a number of events and rallies for the Honda fans. Honda is also trying to create the next generation of loyal Honda bikers. Honda organizes a number of Motor-Cross Camps for young riders. Some of the main activities include riding courses races and riding trips and family activities, the main way to gain the loyalty of young bikers wh o will hopefully stay loyal to the brand, as they get older. These community-building strategies are proving to be extremely beneficial for the Japanese firm. The Honda new models such as the Shadow 750, the VTX 1300S are Hondas attempts to steal some of Harleys market share by recreating the Harley feel. Superior technology is the main strategy to achieve this goal. Yamaha is also trying to outperform Harley and is improving its mass customization skills. The Yamaha website offers a section that allows customers to design their own bike and choose the look and functionality they desire. The interface ensures customers to choose from 75 Yamaha accessory items and makes it easy for the customer to purchase the bike online. The Yamaha V Max model, the Drag Star, and the Road Star models attract customers with their slick design and technological tweaks. The Yamaha sports models are also very successful and the company is still maintaining a strong position in world markets. European rivals are also trying to make an impact on this lucrative market. Italys Moto Guzzi recently introduced the V11 EV custom cruiser. BMW introduced 3 models of its R1200C cruiser and thanks to clever advertising is beginning to improve its position in the U.S. and Asian markets. According to the website www.moto-station.com, only 12% of the Harleys customers are females. But female bikers are more and more interested by bikes. And Yamaha and Kawasaki are trying to take advantage of this growing interest of female bikers and many of their ads feature women on motorcycles. Harley has already understood this new opportunity. Indeed, Harley has made an advertising showing a woman on a Harley-Davidson. Here is the main topic of the publicity: A man is admiring a Harley-Davidson motorcycle thats parked on the street. An attractive woman passes by and says nice Harley, which is all the guy needs to start flirting, boasting that he likes to live on the edge, etc. Unfortunately for him, the real Harley owner chooses that moment to arrive and climbs aboard her bike. His reaction is to try to convince the object of his affection that the bike is being stolen right in front of them in broad daylight. And, another key issue for the future is the problem of the accessories. Indeed, those products such as perfumes or cosmetics are decreasing a lot. So, Harley-Davidson should take a decision about this unsuccessful strategy of brand stretching. But, this strategy has a lot of success regards to the leatherwear and fashion area. According to me, Harley-Davidson should continue to improve this brand stretching and not leave the market of cosmetics and perfumes. Indeed, this is this strategy that has ensured the customers to be able to belong to a second family, and has allowed to Harley this reputation to be closer to the customer. If you remove the cosmetics and perfumes, some fans could lose something and could change their mind about Harley-Davidson. Indeed, the History of H-D is all about fans. Furthermore, the female market is growing a lot, and is for sure the best way for Harley to regain some market share in this brand stretching. 2.RecommendationsFirst of all, Harley-Davidson should find a new approach to its European marketing campaign in order to conquer European markets. Indeed, in Europe, Harley-Davidson is not yet a culture as it is in the United States. Maybe, the design of the bikes, or the size, are not adapted to the European market where roads are not as big as in the U.S., and where the circulation in big cities does not allow to ride a big cruiser bike, and for sure does not ensure pleasure in riding such a bike with a lot of cars all around. But, it is maybe the same in the U.S. cities but there are much more possibilities to enjoy riding a Harley thanks to big and large roads such as the famous road Route 66. And, in order to face with this problem, Harley has developed a new bike particularly adapted to the European market (www.moto-station.com), presented the last 24th of January. But, this is not the main problem. Indeed, Harley has to face with a lack of this culture, group, family, and pleasure, which are present in the U.S. So, in order to give these sensations in Europe, and establish a stronger image, Harley should realize an advertising campaign putting forward those elements of recognition of the Harley Group. Here are some ideas about what could be the advertising campaign: A bike is going very fast, not a Harley-Davidson. Another bike, a Harley-Davidson, is not going fast with the new Harley. The man on the first bike makes fun of the second bike and passes it. But, they meet each other on a red light. The scenario continues in this way and each time they meet each other on a red light, more Harley-Davidsons bikes are present. Its like they know each other, shaking hands and talking So, the message of this ad will be the pleasure to ride with a Harley, without stress and relaxed. So, at the end, the message could be Ride without stress, let yourself be guided by your instinct. And above it we could see the slogan The Eagle Soars Alone. Other promotions could be present in specialized magazines. Indeed, this strategy could ensure Harley-Davidson to touch more people in the target. This idea could be present in different kind of magazines in order to touch specified targets. So, magazines for women can be used in order to contact the female market, non-bikes magazines in order to touch non-bikers, and bikes-magazines in order to keep the brand name and the recognition of the owners. Then, to my mind, another problem of Harley-Davidsons strategy is the fact that H-D is only present in one segment, the cruisers. Indeed, its competitors such as Honda or Yamaha are presents in all segments (sport, cross-country, cruiser, ). According to me, this is the reason why the median age of Harley riders is growing up. So, Harley-Davidson should try to go to other segments, in order to diversify its customers. Harley has well understood this promising gap in the market, buying back the firm Buell, famous for sport bikes. And, according to Jean-Luc Mars, CEO of Harley-Davidson France, Buell ensures to conceive radical bikes without endanger the foundations of Harleys brand. Buell also ensures to develop internally Harley-Davidson France and its network, our entire acknowledge of the bikes market, and to innovate on original marketing techniques. But, this is the first step in this promising segment, where young people are for sure the more present. Honda and Yamaha, for instance, are very well recognized in this market. And, according to me, the reason is the fact that they are present in grand prix doing races and winning championships, and thus becoming famous all over the world. Indeed, races can prove the quality, the competitiveness, and the reliability of a brand. It is not a hazard that Honda won from 1994 to 2003 the 9 championships in the biggest and the hardest class, 16 championships won in total.